Iterative Separation of Note Events from Single-Channel Polyphonic Recordings

This thesis is concerned with the separation of audio sources from single-channel polyphonic musical recordings using the iterative estimation and separation of note events. Each event is defined as a section of audio containing largely harmonic energy identified as coming from a single sound source. Multiple events can be clustered to form separated sources. This solution is a model-based algorithm that can be applied to a large variety of audio recordings without requiring previous training stages. The proposed system embraces two principal stages. The first one considers the iterative detection and separation of note events from within the input mixture. In every iteration, the pitch trajectory of the predominant note event is automatically selected from an array of fundamental frequency estimates and used to guide the separation of the event's spectral content using two different methods: time-frequency masking and time-domain subtraction. A residual signal is then generated and used as the input mixture for the next iteration. After convergence, the second stage considers the clustering of all detected note events into individual audio sources. Performance evaluation is carried out at three different levels. Firstly, the accuracy of the note-event-based multipitch estimator is compared with that of the baseline algorithm used in every iteration to generate the initial set of pitch estimates. Secondly, the performance of the semi-supervised source separation process is compared with that of another semi-automatic algorithm. Finally, a listening test is conducted to assess the audio quality and naturalness of the separated sources when they are used to create stereo mixes from monaural recordings. Future directions for this research focus on the application of the proposed system to other music-related tasks. Also, a preliminary optimisation-based approach is presented as an alternative method for the separation of overlapping partials, and as a high resolution time-frequency representation for digital signals

The Crystal and Molecular Structure of 2-Formylpyridine Selenosemicarbazone

The structure of 2-formylpyridine selenosemicarbazone, SeN4CTH8, has been determined from threedimensional X-ray photographic data. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P2t/e, with unit-cell dimensions a=9.320, b=6-524 and c= 16-275 ,&, fl=90.53 °. There are four formula units in the cell. The structure was solved by the two-dimensional minimum Patterson function and the heavy atom method. It was refined by a full-matrix least-squares method to a final residual R value of0.11 for 1180 observed reflexions. The Se-C bond length of 1.83 ,~ possesses only partial double-bond character. The molecules are linked by N-H...Se hydrogen bonds to form dimer-like units, which are held together by N-H...N hydrogen bonds

Optimum training programme during pregnancy to prevent gestational hypertension and preeclampsia: a systematic review

Gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia are hypertensive disorders which are the world’s leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality. Currently, evidences support the benefit of moderate physical exercise (PE) during uncomplicated pregnancies in the prevention of HTG and pre-eclampsia. However, there is no evidence on which kind of training is more effective for its prevention. The aim of this study was to analyze which kind of exercise, duration of the intervention and session, frequency and intensity produce the greatest benefits in the prevention of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia in women with uncomplicated pregnancies. An exhaustive search of PubMed and Web of Science was carried out until October 21, 2020. From 705 studies found, we analyzed 14 original full-text intervention articles in English or Spanish, with a PE program in pregnant women without complications, evaluating BP and including in their methodology, at least, frequency, duration, intensity, or kind of exercise. Exercise training in healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies reduces the incidence of HTG and preeclampsia. The program with most benefits is concurrent training combined with flexibility, with a minimum duration of 29 weeks, from the 8th-9th gestational week to 36, but can be extended until the end of pregnancy. It’s recommended to get to a training frequency equal to or greater than 3 days a week, with sessions at 50-70% of the maximum heart rate and 10-14 on the Borg Scale, and a duration of 45 and 60 minutes per session

Claves para la disminución de la huella de carbono en el turismo: Caso Cuba

El presente trabajo se propone determinar acciones clave para un desarrollo turístico bajo en emisiones de carbono de acuerdo al contexto actual cubano. Para cumplir el objetivo, se estimó la huella de carbono promedio actual de los turistas y se identificaron los factores que intervienen en su disminución. El proceso metodológico de la investigación empleó el análisis comparativo de las metodologías de medición de la huella de carbono para determinar una propia de acuerdo a los datos disponibles, los cuales se obtuvieron a partir de referentes internacionales al no estar disponibles en el destino. La fórmula ideada permitió estimar la huella de carbono actual del turismo en la Habana como referente. En la identificación de factores que intervienen en la disminución de la huella de carbono se analizó el Modelo Pentagonal del sector turístico y la teoría de actores socioeconómicos convergentes para la sostenibilidad de un destino. Se tuvieron en cuenta el contexto cubano, los compromisos internacionales sobre medio ambiente firmados por Cuba y se evaluó la aplicabilidad de buenas prácticas, guías y recomendaciones hechas por organismos internacionales. Se determinó que los principales elementos que influyen en la huella de carbono del turismo en Cuba son su estructura de mercados, el desconocimiento de los actores con respecto al fenómeno y el bloqueo económico, financiero y comercial de Estados Unidos. Además de lo anterior, la principal acción que puede acometerse en el corto plazo es la capacitación a los diferentes actores que intervienen en el turismo. En aras de lograr el propósito trazado se consultaron diversas fuentes bibliográficas, seleccionándose las herramientas “Análisis de las cinco fuerzas competitivas” y “Análisis de la cadena de Valor” para la valoración del Grupo Gaviota S.A. En el análisis de la posición del Grupo Gaviota en el sector hotelero enfocado a la modalidad de ciudad, se empleó el Método Delphi. Además se realizó un análisis de las ventajas competitivas que posee Gaviota S.A operando bajo la forma de administración: Contrato de Gestión. Se realizaron entrevistas a los mandos de primer nivel en los hoteles seleccionados para determinar los elementos que aportan valor a la cadena. Entre los principales resultados se encuentran los Factores Claves de Éxito, determinados por las Capacidades Distintivas y las Ventajas Competitivas, así como las posibles estrategias para aumentar su situación competitiva.&nbsp

Visor de imágenes médicas digitales web

Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 El desarrollo de las tecnologías ha facilitado la creación de soluciones médicas que agilizan las tareas de los especialistas. A través del uso de este tipo de sistemas, consultorios médicos, clínicas, centros de imagen y departamentos de diagnóstico por imágenes pueden tener a gran velocidad servicios de Internet a su alcance y capacidades de archivo que alguna vez fueron solo para los grandes hospitales. La Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas ha desarrollado la solución alas PACS-RIS, pero este sistema debido a sus características específicas no causa el impacto deseado debido a los grandes costos de tiempo de instalación y configuración, su uso limitado a plataformas propietarias, la necesidad de equipo de altas prestaciones, entre otras causas. Se presenta la propuesta de solución de software desarrollada para la visualización de imágenes médicas. El sistema está diseñado para ofrecer al personal médico, servicios en línea que faciliten la ejecución de sus tareas. Facilita a los especialistas una gama de herramientas básicas para la visualización y procesamiento de imágenes médicas y creación de los reportes de estudios realizados a pacientes. La aplicación fue desarrollada sobre la plataforma .NET 4.0 con lenguajes de programación C#, JavaScript, HTML5, CSS3. Se utilizaron además las librerías jQuery, Knockout y además de MVVM como patrón arquitectónico para la capa de presentación. El sistema se integra a la solución alas PACS-RIS y está diseñada para que finalmente sea utilizada en dispositivos móviles como celulares y Tablet PC. Palabras clave: visualización de imágenes en la web, imágenes médicas digitales, PACS web. <!--[endif] --

Management by process as clean alternative for bioremediation project management

The purpose was to implement the management by process in the rehabilitation project of a zone polluted by hydrocarbons. There were implemented the eight steps in the problem solution and the study method of production management. There were identified deficiencies in the performance of the process and it was evaluated as steady and incapable. It was simulated and improvement proposition, where the results showed its feasibility. It was diminished the 53.33 % of the productive cycle time and its stability was achieved. There were diminished the costs in a 10.57 %. It was contributed to the achievement of cleaner productions

Comparative analysis of some modeal reconstruction methods of the cornea from corneal elevation data

Purpose. A comparative study of the ability of some modal schemes to reproduce corneal shapes of varying complexity is performed, using both standard radial polynomials and the radial basis functions (RBF). Our claim is that the correct approach in the case of highly irregular corneas should combine several bases. Methods. Standard approaches of reconstruction by Zernike and other types of radial polynomials are compared with the discrete least squares fit (LSF) by the RBF in three theoretical surfaces, synthetically generated by computer algorithms in the lack of measurement noise. For the reconstruction by polynomials the maximal radial order 6 was chosen, which corresponds to the first 28 Zernike polynomials or the first 49 Bhatia-Wolf polynomials. The fit with the RBF has been carried out using a regular grid of centers. Results. The quality of fit was assessed by computing for each surface the mean square errors (MSE) of the reconstruction by LSF, measured at the same nodes where the heights were collected. Another criterion of the fitting quality used was the accuracy in recovery of the Zernike coefficients, especially in the case of incomplete data. Conclusions. The Zernike (and especially, the Bhatia-Wolf) polynomials constitute a reliable reconstruction method of a non-severely aberrated surface with a small surface regularity index (SRI). However, they fail to capture small deformations of the anterior surface of a synthetic cornea. The most promising is a combined approach that balances the robustness of the Zernike fit with the localization of the RBF

Gestión de riesgos laborales en proyectos de rehabilitación ambiental de zonas contaminadas con hidrocarburos

The present Cuban Environmental Strategy identifies the contamination of crude oil wastes as a problem with particular managemental characteristics, which is managed by the implementation of environmental rehabilitation projects. The goal of this search was to manage the working risk factors dealt with the rehabilitation projects in hydrocarbon contaminated areas. The project “Comprehensive environmental rehabilitation in Punta Majagua, Cienfuegos, Cuba” was selected as a case study. To achieve this goal, a procedure using the methodological convergence of diverse tools was implemented. Different techniques of managemental processes, quality and working risks were used as well as several instruments for gathering information. 50 working risk factors were identified associated to all processes and 40 % of them were assessed as critical. The most dangerous processes were the bioremediation campaign and the creation of technical and logistic capacities. Some indicators that revealed the efficacy and efficiency of the strategy in risk’s mitigation were identified. The workers’ satisfaction state at the workplace after this intervention was assessed as positive, except for the dimensions of physical working conditions and salary. These results confirm the right management of risk factors in this project as its possibility of generalizing experience to get safe working standards thus contributing to the achievement of clean productions

Planificación turística sostenible: las comunidades de Santa Elena.

La planificación turística en comunidades del litoral Santa Elenense en Ecuador requiere de un enfoque que responda a la realidad de espacios rurales ancestrales de uso común, que considere la diversidad de actores y los patrimonios culturales y naturales, como elementos significantes de sostenibilidad. En este contexto, la presente investigación identifica los principales lineamientos usados en la planificación turística de Santa Elena, prestando atención a la necesidad de alcanzar el desarrollo local, la competitividad turística y la sostenibilidad de sus patrimonios mediante otros enfoques. El trabajo incluyó desde una investigación documental a trabajos con actores del turismo y académicos, mediante la técnicas de la encuesta y el focus group, permitiendo como resultados identificar ejes estratégicos que se enfocan bajo una perspectiva top-down y una necesidad de alcanzar el desarrollo sostenible mediante aspectos fundamentales con un enfoque inverso (bottom-up)